1 Rupee: 1964-1990

Death of Jawaharlal Nehru 

Year: 1964
Metal: Nickel
Weight: 10 gm
Diameter: 27 mm
Thickness: 2.3 mm

Reverse: Bust of Jawaharlal Nehru facing left.
Obverse: Ashoka Lion Capitol, a National emblem along with the denomination value.

This was the first commemorative coin issued by India. The other 2 coins issued along with this coin were of 50 paise.

1st Prime Minister of India

Jawaharlal Nehru (14 November 1889 – 27 May 1964), often referred to as Panditji, was a leader in the Indian independence movement, and the first independent Prime Minister of India.
Jawaharlal Nehru enjoyed an iconic status in India and was widely admired across the world for his idealism and statesmanship. His birthday, 14 November, is celebrated in India as Baal Divas ("Children's Day") in recognition of his lifelong passion and work for the welfare, education and development of children and young people. Children across India remember him as Chacha Nehru (Uncle Nehru). Hence to commemorate him, this coin was issued on 14 November 1964.

He is praised for creating a system providing universal primary education, reaching children in the farthest corners of rural India. Nehru's education policy is also credited for the development of world-class educational institutions such as the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Indian Institutes of Technology and the Indian Institutes of Management.

Click here to know more about Jawaharlal Nehru.

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Centennial-Birth of Mahatma Gandhi 

Year: 1969
Metal: Nickel
Weight: 10 gm
Diameter: 28 mm

The other coins issued with this coin are of 20 paisa, 50 paisa and 10 Rupees denomination.

Reverse features Bust of Mahatma Gandhi facing left.

Obverse features Ashoka Lion Capitol.

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948), commonly known as Mahatma Gandhi, was the prominent leader of Indian nationalism in British-ruled India. Employing non-violent civil disobedience, Gandhi helped India to get independence and inspired movements for non-violence, civil rights and freedom across the world.

Click here to know more about MK Gandhi.

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 International Youth Year (IYY) 

Year: 1985
Metal: Copper-nickel
Weight: 6 gm
Diameter: 26 mm

Reverse:Three outlined facial profiles between dove and laurel branch symbolizing youth.
Obverse: Small Ashoka Pillar Lion Capitol over denomination.

To emphasize on the young people and the vital role they can play in the creation of a peaceful world, UNO proclaimed the year 1985 as the “INTERNATIONAL YOUTH YEAR”. The symbol adopted by UN for this purpose was — A stylized facial profiles of 3 youths between dove in flight and a Laurel branch.

The slogan used for this year was "Participation, Development, Peace". The main UN event for IYY was the World Congress on Youth organized by UNESCO and held in Barcelona, Spain July 8-15, 1985. It issued the "Barcelona Declaration" on youth.

To commemorate this event , India issued 1Rs. coin. The other 2 coins issued in this theme were of 10 Rupees and 100 Rupees denomination but were only as Proof and UNC specimens.

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 FAO: Small Farmers

Year:1987
Metal: Copper-nickel
Weight: 6 gm
Diameter: 26 mm

Reverse: Farmer couple working in farm along with FAO symbol.

Obverse: Lion capitol along with the denomination value.

After the independence, Indian government started the plan to become self-sufficient in food grains. The green revolution around 1970 was the major outcome of this plan.The introduction of high-yielding varieties of seeds and the increased use of fertilizers and irrigation are known collectively as the Green Revolution, which provided the increase in production needed to make India self-sufficient in food grains, thus improving agriculture in India.Along with high yielding seeds and irrigation facilities, the enthusiasm of farmers mobilized the idea of agricultural revolution. during that period, majority of the farmers in India were small farmers who worked hard and did all the labour work manually. After the Green revolution, Indian government realized the importance of small farmers in the country and the need of development plan for them.

To acknowledge the efforts and contribution of these small farmers towards the green revolution, Government of India issued this 1Rs. coin under FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) theme on 'World Food Day' 16th October 1987.

World Food Day: Every year, 16th Ocober is known as 'World Food Day'  around the world in honor of the date of the founding of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations in 1945.

Click here to know about World Food Day.

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FAO: Rainfed Farming 

 Year: 1988
Metal: Copper-nickel
Weight: 6 gm
Diameter: 26 mm

Reverse: women farmer in Sunflower farm with raining clouds and letters FAO.
Obverse: Ashoka pillar Lion capitol over the denomination value.

India is very dependent on its monsoon-based periodic rainfall.Dependency on these monsoons is risky because there are great variations in the average amount of rainfall received by the various regions - from too much for most crops in the eastern Himalayas to never enough in Rajasthan. Season-to-season variations of rainfall are also significant and the consequences of these are bumper harvests and crop searing.

Most of the increase in agricultural output over the years has taken place under irrigated conditions. The opportunities for continued expansion of irrigated area are limited, so Indian government increasingly started looking to rainfed, or unirrigated agriculture to help meet the rising demand for food projected over the next several decades.Rainfed agriculture could sustain the development by public investments.Hence to emphasize on Rainfed farming development, Govt. of India issued this 1Rs. coin on World Food Day (16th October) in 1988.

Click here to know about Farming systems in India.

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100th Anniversary of Nehru's Birth 

Year: 1989
Value: 1 Rupee (1 INR)
Metal:    Copper-nickel
Weight: 6 gm
Diameter: 26 mm
Thickness: 1.6 mm

Reverse: Bust of Jawaharlal Nehru facing right (With Cap).
Obverse: Ashoka Lion Capitol, denomination below.

This one rupee coin was released on 14th November 1989 on the occasion of the Birht Centenary of Jawaharlal Nehru, who was the first prime minster of independent India. Other coins released were of Rs.5 for genereal circulation and Rs.20, Rs.100 as Proof and UNC specimens.

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FAO: Food and Environment 

Year: 1989
Metal: Copper-nickel
Weight: 6 gm
Diameter: 26 mm

Reverse: Sun above wheat stalks and FAO symbol.
Obverse: Ashoka Lion Capitol and denomination below it.

Due to the rise in use of chemical pesticides and fertilizers there were many negative effects on the soil and the land such as land degradation. Govt. of India released this 1 Rs. coin on the occasion of world Food Day on 16 October 1989 mainly:

• To focus on this issue and to promote study/research on environment and food security to create awareness and knowledge among the people. 
• To implement,encourage all kinds of projects, plans and programs for promoting ecological balance and food security.

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Dr. Ambedkar Birth Centenary 

Year: 1990
Metal: Copper-nickel
Weight: 6 gm
Diameter: 26 mm
Thickness: 1.5 mm

Reverse: Bust of Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar facing right.
Obverse: Ashoka Lion Capitol with the denomination below it.

Dr. Ambedkar

Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (14 April 1891 – 6 December 1956), popularly also known as Babasaheb, was an Indian  political leader, philosopher and barrister. He served as the nation's first law minister and was an architect of Indian Constitution.

Born into a poor 'Mahar' caste family considered an Untouchable caste , Ambedkar campaigned against social discrimination, the Hindu caste system of Chaturvarna i.e. the categorization of Hindu society into four varnas. 

He converted to Buddhism and is also credited with providing a spark for the transformation of hundreds of thousands of Dalits or untouchables to get the rights of equality. 

Ambedkar was posthumously (after death) awarded the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian award in 1990. 

To acknowledge the massive contribution of Dr.Ambedkar towards the Indian Constitution, Govt. Of India released this 1Rs. coin commemorating him.

Click here to know more about Dr. Ambedkar.

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15th Anniversary of I.C.D.S. 

Year: 1990
Metal: Copper-nickel
Weight: 6.05 gm
Diameter: 26 mm
Thickness: 1.43 mm

Reverse:Seated figure holding child, radiant design surrounds with 'Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam' (World is a Family) written on top.
 

Obverse: Asoka lion pedestal with denomination below it.

ICDS Logo

Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) is Government of India sponsored programe, first launched in 1975. It is India's primary social welfare scheme to tackle malnutrition and health problems in children below 6 years of age and their mothers. The main beneficiaries of the programme were aimed to be the girl child up to her adolescence, all children below 6 years of age, pregnant and lactating mothers. The gender promotion of the girl child by trying to bring her at par with the male child is a key component of the scheme.in accordance to the National Policy for Children in India. Over the years it has grown into one of the largest integrated family and community welfare schemes in the world.

To highlight the commendable work being done by I.C.D.S., Govt. of India issued this Rs.1 commemorative coin  on 17th January, 1990 on the 15th anniversary of the organization.

Click here to know more about ICDS.

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SAARC Year - Care for the Girl Child

 Year: 1990
Metal: Copper-nickel
Weight: 6 gm
Diameter: 26 mm

Reverse features a girl child with a sun above her and a SAARC sybol to her left side.

Obverse features Ashoka Lion capitol with a denomination value below it.

S.A.A.R.C. stands for South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation.

SAARC Logo

It is an organisation of South Asian nations headquartered in Kathmandu, Nepal., which was established on 8 December 1985 when the government of Bangladesh , Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka formally adopted its charter providing for the promotion of economic and social progress, cultural development within the South Asia region and also for friendship and cooperation with other developing countries. Main objective of this organisation is to promote the welfare of the people of South Asia and to improve their quality of life.

The Year 1990 was observed as the SAARC Year of the Girl Child and the decade of 1991-2000 was designated as the SAARC Decade of the Girl Child. 5th summit of SAARC was held in Maldives in 1990.To commemorate this occasion, Govt. of India issued this 1 Rs. coin to educate the people about importance of a girl child for a well being of a society and need of taking care while bringing up her.

Click here to know more about SAARC.

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Food For The Future: World Food Day 1990 

Year: 1990
Metal: Copper-nickel
Weight: 6 gm
Diameter: 26 mm

Reverse features a farmer couple. A male farmer has a plough on his shoulder. There are 2 wheat stalks, a cart wheel, a water-pump and 2 fishermen with fishing net in the background along with FAO symbol.

Obverse features Ashoka Lion capitol and a denomination below it.

On the occasion of 10th World Food day on 16 October 1990, Govt. of India issued this 1Rs. coin. It highlights the need of more food production to feed the rapidly growing population.

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